解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The air-kerma rate constant gamma delta (and its precursors), as one of the basic radiation characteristics of 192Ir, was determined by many authors. Analysis of accessible data on this quantity led us to the conclusion that published data strongly disagree. That is the reason we calculated this quantity on the basis ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199301000-00011
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a series of daily measurements of 125I in the drinking water of North Surrey, England, from November 1988 through May 1990, the accumulated activities in the thyroids of adults drinking such water were calculated on the assumption that the fraction of ingested iodine taken up by the thyroid was f = 0.3 and the t...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199212000-00010
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of environmental radiation in the etiology of birth defects, stillbirths, and other adverse outcomes of pregnancy was evaluated for 13,329 Navajos born at the Public Health Service/Indian Health Service Hospital in the Shiprock, NM, uranium mining area (1964-1981). More than 320 kinds of defective congenital ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199211000-00005
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A uranium in vitro bioassay (urinalysis) action level was derived for use at the Department of Energy's Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Project sites to identify chronic inhalation intakes of uranium mill tailings causing 0.5 mSv (50 mrem) annual effective dose equivalent. All radionuclides in the 238U decay cha...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199210000-00003
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The contributions of tritiated water (3HHO) and dietary tritiated amino acids to the steady-state specific activities of tissue water tritium and organically bound tritium in mice were essentially independent and additive. Following exposure (56 d), organically bound tritium clearance was resolved into two distinct co...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199209000-00009
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The statistical distribution of 222Rn measurements from basements and first floors of homes in northeastern Pennsylvania was investigated. The gamma distribution was statistically significantly superior to the normal distribution (p less than 0.005) in describing the frequency distribution of the logarithm of observed...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199208000-00009
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Samples of bone containing cellular and fatty bone marrow were removed at autopsy from the body of a woman who, following an automobile accident, had been injected with approximately 25 mL of the radiographic contrast medium Thorotrast. The woman survived for 36 y after the accident and died at age 72 y following bone...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199207000-00007
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a long-term animal study, the combined and separate effects of Thorotrast (colloidal 232ThO2) and silica dust on the induction of lung tumors were investigated. Female Wistar rats were exposed for 29 d to aerosol concentrations of quartz of either 6 mg m-3, 30 mg m-3, or 0 mg m-3 (6 h d-1, 5 d wk-1). After inhalati...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199207000-00011
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assumptions supporting a chronic aqueous release methodology are inappropriate for estimating dose from accidental discharges. A method of modeling acute or accidental releases is being developed for predicting maximum individual dose. Standardization of consumption rates and usage factors for acute aqueous releases i...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199206000-00011
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rugged resin concentration method followed by gamma counting was developed for measuring 226Ra and 228Ra in drinking water. Using typical distribution system pressure, 310 kPa (45 psig), radium in a 20-L sample was concentrated 100-fold onto 200 mL of ion-exchange resin beads that were then sealed in a glass jar for...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199205000-00005
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparatively little research has been published on radioactive contamination from nuclear medicine patients using hospital toilet facilities. The present study was undertaken to obtain an estimate of the amount of restroom contamination found in a typical 700-bed community hospital as a result of nuclear medicine pro...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199205000-00015
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radionuclide decorporation is the only effective method of reducing radiation dose for persons contaminated accidentally. In this study, dogs that had inhaled a moderately soluble aerosol of 244Cm2O3 were treated with either discrete intravenous injections of the chelating agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Zn-...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199204000-00002
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monte Carlo neutron transport calculations were performed to obtain the neutron response functions of a superheated drop detector (SDD-100) that is surrounded by polyethylene of various thicknesses. The calculational results suggest that a SDD-100 surrounded by 2.54 cm of polyethylene gives the best dose-equivalent re...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199203000-00001
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The risk of americium-induced liver cancer in beagle dogs that received long-term dietary ethanol was two to three times that of their nonalcoholic cohorts, even though the radionuclide retention time in hepatic tissue was shortened by the alcohol treatment. Liver malignancies did not occur in the ethanol-treated, non...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199202000-00008
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The PATHWAY model results were used, in conjunction with a hypothetical major nuclear attack on the U.S., to arrive at the ratio of internal to external dose for humans from early (48 h) fallout. Considered were the four nuclides (137Cs, 89Sr, 90Sr, 131I) that account for most of the reconstructed whole-body committed...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199201000-00004
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Software has been developed to aid in the management of a radiation safety quality control program in diagnostic radiology. The core of the system is a data base of radiation safety activities. Software design goals were the prioritization, scheduling, and reporting of these activities. Computerization has helped orga...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199201000-00015
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A personal 222Rn and gamma-ray detector has been developed. The detector precision is limited only by the Poisson counting error and has a lower limit of detection in this study of 4.5 kBq m-3 h (4 pCi L-1 day). The detector was used in a study of 52 homes in Illinois to measure the personal exposure vs. the simultane...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199112000-00004
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The thermoluminescent (TL) response to ultraviolet irradiation of CaF2:Tm phosphor is affected by pre-irradiation high-temperature treatment. The experimental results indicate that the maximum intrinsic TL output is about 2000 times higher for 1000 degrees C treatment than when not treated. TL stability for this phosp...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199112000-00017
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dose rates from contaminated soil and hot particles have been calculated for several organs of a reference human. The calculation was performed using the computer code QAD-CGGP, a point kernel code employing combinatorial geometry for the representation of the human phantom. QAD uses buildup factors based on the geome...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199111000-00010
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mixed radioactive and chemical wastes generated by biomedical research were characterized, and various treatment methods for reducing their volume were evaluated. These wastes consist primarily of organic solvents used in the extraction and purification of radiolabeled biomolecules that are contaminated with low level...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199109000-00014
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-six white male subjects, who worked with plutonium (239Pu) during World War II at Los Alamos, have been given medical examinations periodically over a period of 42 y to identify potential health effects. Inhalation was the primary mode of Pu exposures. The latest examinations, including urine bioassay and in-vi...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199108000-00001
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fractal analysis is introduced in the field of environmental health physics. In particular, it is applied to the complex and inhomogeneous deposition pattern of radioactivity after the Chernobyl accident. The patchiness of 137Cs hot spots is quantified by a fractal dimension as low as 1. The problem of finding hot spo...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199108000-00013
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model system was developed previously for disposal of solid laboratory waste that is both radioactive and heat sensitive, e.g., HIV. A double polypropylene bag with charcoal vent filter and absorbent was designed to meet requirements for both steam sterilization and disposal as solid radioactive waste. Earlier work ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199107000-00015
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limits for exposure to electromagnetic fields at RF and microwave frequencies have, at times, been subject to criticism and controversy. In many cases the controversy results from a lack of absolute proof that some nominal levels of exposure are safe, from a misunderstanding of how to apply the limits, and from a lack...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004032-199107000-00006
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mathematical model describing the dynamics of lymphopoiesis in mammals continuously exposed to ionizing radiation has been developed. It is based on the theory of chalone regulation of hematopoiesis. The model comprises a system of nine differential equations. Results from the model were compared with our experiment...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199107000-00009
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work involving the decommissioning of a former ceramic manufacturing facility licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for activities involving depleted uranium oxide has uncovered the presence of unexpected high levels of natural radioactivity in non-licensed zirconium oxide powders also used in the same ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199106000-00009
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detailed investigations of the aerial dispersion of radioactive dust from the biggest open-pit U mining and milling operation in Australia were carried out. Spatial distributions of the long-lived radionuclides of 238U series and their origin, i.e., mining and milling operations vs. natural background radiation, have ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199105000-00007
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution and behavior of Cs in the soil-plant systems at some upland sites in Northeastern Italy, Scotland, and Norway have been investigated. From the limited range of samples taken, there appears to be no dominant physicochemical control on the plant availability of Cs. The presence of micaceous minerals or ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199104000-00008
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unusual reported dose equivalents due to high-energy photons for two individuals prompted the investigation of the effects of severe heating conditions expected in closed vehicles during southwestern summer months on commercial film dosimeters. A historical review of dosimetry records revealed several additional repor...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199104000-00018
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of 239Pu in a human whole body is reported. The body contained 246 Bq of 239Pu of which 130 Bq (52.8%) was found in the lungs and associated lymph nodes. Of the remaining 116 Bq (47.2%) that constituted the systemic deposition, 51.2 Bq (44%) were in the skeleton, 48.6 Bq (42%) in the liver, and the re...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199103000-00001
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this paper is to present data gathered in the evaluation of the BD-100R neutron bubble dosimeter done at the University of Maryland and the Naval Research Lab. The performance of 12 dosimeters has been followed over 15 exposure-recharge cycles under a wide range of exposure conditions. Included in this ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199103000-00007
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Indoor Rn concentrations and Rn in adjacent karst terrains were studied at four houses with crawlspaces in Huntsville, AL. In warm summertime weather, Rn-rich air may vent through limestone solution cavities exposed as holes at the surface of the properties. A probable interrelated-finding is that the indoor levels of...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199102000-00006
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the Goiânia accident, many individuals suffered external and internal contamination. The screening of internal contamination was done through 137Cs urinary excretion. During the first month after the accident, only in-vitro bioassay procedures were done. Incorporation into the body and committed doses were estimate...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199101000-00006
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We are considering some aspects related to the decontamination activities of about 50 houses affected by 137Cs in Goiânia. We describe the way these contaminations occurred, the instruments used, and the procedures. We also discuss the dose limits established for decontamination and the consequences resulting from thi...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199101000-00014
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thermoluminescent detectors (TLDs) can provide accurate and precise measurements for both patient and personnel dosimetry in the medical imaging environment. They have the advantages of tissue equivalency, an excellent dynamic range, and dose rate independence. In the work reported here, experiments with planar x-ray,...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199012000-00006
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was directed by Congress to assess the risk of thyroid cancer from 131I associated with fallout from the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) was requested by DHHS to address Public Law 97-414, Section 7 (...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199011000-00002
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining the consumption of milk contaminated with 131I, resulting from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests conducted at the Nevada Test Site, by the United States population during the 1950s constitutes one part of the methodology used by the National Cancer Institute to assess radiation exposures to Americans. In o...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199011000-00013
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The design and performance of a positionally sensitive system for the laser read-out of dosimetric information contained in LiF chips and a specially designed composite detector having a thin LiF layer is reported. A 2 cm X 3 cm X 0.254 mm LiF layer was successfully manufactured with a glass backing; however, this was...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199010000-00004
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Count rates were measured as a function of distance from a planar concrete reflector for a set of eight Bonner-sphere detectors and four isotopic neutron sources. These data can be used to determine the contributions of scattered neutrons to the response of moderated detectors used in environments bounded by concrete....
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199009000-00008
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data on nuclear medicine thyroid examinations performed in Manitoba (population 1 million) from 1981-1985 were collected, with more detailed demographic data obtained on 1,100 consecutive patients between June 1987 and January 1988. An average of 2,081 patients were examined per year, 81% female and 19% male, represen...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00